The MLC FAQs in Chinese - Traditional
What types of licenses does The MLC administer?
The MLC 掌管哪些授權類型？
The MLC administers blanket mechanical licenses to eligible streaming and download DSPs in the United States. The MLC is not involved in any other types of licenses or royalties, including public performance licenses or royalties, synchronization licenses or royalties, or record royalties.
The MLC 主要掌管美國境內數位服務供應商提供之合法串流與下載的概括機械重製授權。The MLC 不涉及其他授權類型或版稅事宜，例如公開演出授權或版稅、影音同步授權或版稅、唱片版稅等。
Will record companies continue to secure mechanical licenses and pay mechanical royalties?
唱片公司是否仍需申請機械重製授權並支付相關版稅？
Record companies will still need to secure mechanical licenses and pay mechanical royalties for mechanical uses of musical works in physical products, like CDs and vinyl records. Under the U.S. copyright law, the blanket licenses The MLC is issuing can include permanent download use, but the DSPs could also continue to rely on record companies to provide those licenses and pay those royalties.
唱片公司若要在實體產品（如 CD 及黑膠唱片）中進行音樂作品的機械重製使用，仍需申請機械重製授權並支付相關版稅。根據美國著作權法，The MLC 所核發的概括授權涵蓋永久下載使用權，然而數位服務供應商仍可選擇透過唱片公司取得此類授權並支付相關版稅。
What is The Mechanical Licensing Collective (The MLC)?
The Mechanical Licensing Collective（The MLC）是什麼？
The Mechanical Licensing Collective (The MLC) is a nonprofit organization designated by the U.S. Copyright Office pursuant to the historic Music Modernization Act of 2018. In January 2021, The MLC began administering blanket mechanical licenses to eligible streaming and download services (digital service providers or DSPs) in the United States. The MLC collects the royalties due under those licenses from the DSPs and pay songwriters, composers, lyricists, and music publishers.
The MLC 是由美國著作權局根據 2018 年劃時代的《音樂現代化法案》（Music Modernization Act）所指派成立的非營利組織。The MLC 自 2021 年 1 月起開始掌管美國境內數位服務供應商提供之合法串流與下載的概括機械重製授權。The MLC 會從數位服務供應商收取此類授權的版稅，並支付給詞曲作者、作曲人、作詞人與音樂出版商。
The MLC has built a publicly accessible musical works database, as well as The MLC Portal that creators and music publishers can use to submit and maintain their musical works data. These tools will help ensure that creators and music publishers are paid properly.
The MLC 已建立一個可公開查詢的音樂作品資料庫，以及供創作者與音樂出版商送交與維護其音樂作品資料的 The MLC Portal 會員入口網站。這些工具有助於確保創作者與音樂出版商獲得應有的報酬。
Where is The MLC located?
The MLC 位於何處？
While our headquarters is in Nashville, we also have team members based in other cities. We have team members based in Los Angeles, Miami, New York City and London. We will strive to reach the music publishers and self-administered songwriters, composers and lyricists we serve wherever they are located.
The MLC 的總部位於美國田納西州的納許維爾市，但我們的團隊成員也分布於洛杉磯、邁阿密、紐約及倫敦等城市。我們會竭誠服務音樂出版商、自行管理版權的詞曲作者、作曲人與作詞人，無遠弗屆。
Why was The MLC created?
為什麼會成立 The MLC？
The Mechanical Licensing Collective was established by the Music Modernization Act of 2018 (MMA). This historic legislation sought to create a more efficient and effective way for digital service providers (DSPs) to license the music they make available on their platforms and ensure the proper rightsholders – self-administered songwriters, composers, and lyricists and music publishers, administrators and CMOs – were paid the mechanical royalties they are entitled for the use of their musical works.
The MLC 是基於 2018 年頒布的《音樂現代化法案》而成立。此歷史性法案目的在於提供一種效果更佳且效率更高的方式，方便數位服務供應商取得其平台上的音樂作品的授權，同時確保正確的權利人獲得應有的機械重製版稅，包括自行管理版權的詞曲作者、作曲人、作詞人，以及音樂出版商、管理商與著作權集體管理組織。
The MMA created a new blanket mechanical license that DSPs can secure to cover the use of all the music they make available on their platforms, as well as a new organization – The MLC – to exclusively administer the blanket license, collect royalties from DSPs due under those licenses and distribute those royalties to rightsholders. Per the MMA, The MLC also built and maintains both a publicly accessible musical works database and a portal that MLC Members use to register, maintain and update their music data.
《音樂現代化法案》制定出一項新式的概括機械重製授權，使數位服務供應商可藉此涵蓋其平台上所有音樂的使用需求。同時，法案也設立全新的組織 The MLC，專責管理概括授權、向數位服務供應商收取此類授權相關的版稅、並將這些版稅分配給權利人。The MLC 也根據法案規定，設立並維護一個公開的音樂作品資料庫及提供會員註冊、維護與更新其音樂資料的入口網站。
How are mechanical royalty rates determined?
機械重製版稅費率如何決定？
The royalty rates for the blanket licenses issued by The MLC are determined by the United States Copyright Royalty Board.
由 The MLC 發放的概括授權版稅費率由美國著作權版稅委員會（Copyright Royalty Board）決定。
When does The MLC collect and pay royalties?
The MLC 何時收取與支付版稅？
The DSPs send sound recording usage data, and accompanying mechanical royalties, to The MLC on a monthly basis. The MLC then matches the usage data to the musical works data in The MLC database. Once the data is matched, The MLC pays out the mechanical royalties to music publishers, administrators, and self-administered songwriters, composers and lyricists.
數位服務供應商每月向 The MLC 提報錄音使用資料及相應的機械重製版稅。The MLC 會將使用資料與 The MLC 資料庫中的音樂作品資料進行匹配。一旦完成匹配，The MLC 會將機械重製版稅支付給音樂出版商、管理商，以及自行管理版權的詞曲作者、作曲人與作詞人。
Songwriters, composers and lyricists who have assigned their right to collect mechanical royalties in the United States to music publishers or administrators receive mechanical royalties directly from the music publisher or administrator.
如果詞曲作者、作曲人和作詞人授權音樂出版商或管理商在美國為其收取機械重製版稅，則直接從該音樂出版商或管理商領取機械重製版稅。
To learn more and view a helpful timeline graphic, click here.
若要了解更多資訊並查看期程說明圖表，請點擊此處。
Do I need to register with The MLC in order to view musical works data in The MLC database?
是否需要註冊 The MLC 才能查看資料庫中的音樂作品資料？
No, The MLC’s Public Works Search allows anyone to see the musical works data we have compiled, regardless of whether they are registered users of The MLC Portal.
不需要。The MLC 的公開作品查詢工具（Public Works Search）允許任何人查看我們彙集的音樂作品資料，無需事先註冊 The MLC Portal 會員入口網站。
Does The MLC keep a portion of my royalties to cover its operating costs?
The MLC 是否會扣除部分版稅作為營運成本？
No, The MLC does not keep a portion of the mechanical royalties it collects to cover its operating costs. The operational costs of The MLC are paid for by DSPs through an administrative assessment set by the United States Copyright Royalty Board. The MLC distributes 100% of the mechanical royalties it collects.
不會。The MLC 不會扣除收取的機械重製版稅作為營運成本。The MLC 的營運成本由數位服務供應商支付，為美國著作權版稅委員會制定的財政評估費用。The MLC 會將收取的機械重製版稅 100% 分配出去。
How does The MLC plan to educate music publishers, administrators, and self-administered songwriters, composers and lyricists about getting registered?
The MLC 計劃如何教育音樂出版商、管理商及自行管理的詞曲作者、作曲人和作詞人，協助他們完成註冊？
The MLC is engaged in many different outreach activities. These include working with music industry organizations to get the word out to their members in newsletters, webinars, and social media posts; holding information sessions at music industry conferences; advertising and securing editorial coverage in music-focused online and print publications; working with companies who provide goods or services to music publishers and songwriters, composers and lyricists; and providing educational content to organizations dedicated to teaching music publishing to songwriters, composers and lyricists and future music industry professionals.
The MLC 進行各種宣導活動，包括與音樂產業組織合作，透過電子報、網路研討會及社群媒體發布資訊；在音樂產業論壇中舉辦說明會；在以音樂為主題的線上及實體出版物中投放廣告並尋求編輯報導；與提供商品或服務給音樂出版商、詞曲作者、作曲人和作詞人的公司合作；以及為專門向詞曲作者、作曲人、作詞人及新進音樂產業專業人士教授音樂出版知識的組織提供教育內容。
We have begun extensive outreach to a variety of music industry organizations. If you represent an organization that would like to explore ways to work with us, please contact us at marketinginfo@themlc.com.
我們已經向各種音樂產業組織展開廣泛的宣導活動。如果你是某個組織的代表並希望進一步了解合作方式，請聯繫我們：marketinginfo@themlc.com。
Will The MLC’s musical works data be available to connect to other industry databases?
The MLC 的音樂作品資料是否開放連結到其他產業資料庫？
The MLC's musical works data is publicly available in bulk and can therefore be copied and incorporated into other industry databases. For more information on the Bulk Database Feed, click here.
The MLC 的音樂作品資料是公開的，並且可以批次取得，因此可以複製並整合到其他產業資料庫中。若要了解更多關於資料庫批次饋送服務（Bulk Database Feed）的資訊，請點擊此處。
Will blockchain be used in the management of The MLC data?
The MLC 的資料管理是否會採用區塊鏈技術？
The MLC does not have any current plans to incorporate blockchain technology into its systems.
The MLC 目前沒有計劃將區塊鏈技術整合到系統中。
Is it possible to connect to The MLC database using an API?
是否可以透過 API 連結到 The MLC 資料庫？
While it is not currently possible to connect to The MLC database using an API, The MLC is planning to develop that capacity in collaboration with the international standards setting organization DDEX. When further information is available, we will update this answer.
目前尚無法透過 API 連結到 The MLC 資料庫，但 The MLC 計劃與國際標準制定組織 DDEX 合作開發這項功能。如有進一步的資訊，我們會更新這則回答。
Do I need to affiliate with HFA in order to receive mechanical royalties from The MLC?
我是否需要具備 Harry Fox Agency 合作夥伴身分，才能從 The MLC 收取機械重製版稅？
No, you do not need to affiliate with the Harry Fox Agency (HFA) in order to receive mechanical royalties from The MLC.
你無需具備 Harry Fox Agency 合作夥伴身分，即可從 The MLC 收取機械重製版稅。
Will companies like HFA and Music Reports continue to handle mechanical licenses and royalties for digital uses?
HFA 和 Music Reports 這類公司是否會繼續處理用於數位用途的機械重製授權和版稅？
While The MLC is the only entity that will administer the blanket mechanical license, other companies will still have the ability to administer voluntary licenses between DSPs and music publishers, including voluntary mechanical licenses for digital uses.
雖然 The MLC 是唯一負責管理概括機械重製授權的單位，但其他公司仍可管理數位服務供應商和音樂出版商之間的自願性授權，包括用於數位用途的自願性機械重製授權。
Does a record company need to report anything to The MLC?
唱片公司是否需要向 The MLC 申報任何資料？
Record companies are not required to directly deliver their sound recording data to The MLC, but to the extent that they may also operate a DSP or music publisher, they may need to do so in connection with those activities.
唱片公司無需直接向 The MLC 申報其錄音資料。不過，要是它們同時經營數位服務供應商或音樂出版業務，可能需要就相關活動向 The MLC 申報資料。
Will The MLC audit DSPs?
The MLC 是否會對數位服務供應商進行稽核？
The MLC has the right to audit each DSP operating under a blanket mechanical license once every three years.
The MLC 有權每三年對取得概括機械重製授權的數位服務供應商進行一次稽核。
What are unmatched or unclaimed royalties?
什麼是未匹配或未認領的版稅？
“Unmatched” digital mechanical royalties result when sound recording usage data reported to The MLC by a DSP has not been matched to a musical work in The MLC’s database.
當數位服務供應商申報給 The MLC 的錄音使用資料無法與 The MLC 資料庫中的音樂作品匹配，就會產生「未匹配」的數位機械重製版稅。
“Unclaimed” digital mechanical royalties result when less than 100% of the ownership of a musical work has been claimed. For example, if only 80% of a musical work has been claimed, the remaining 20% is unclaimed, and the royalties associated with the unclaimed share are referred to as unclaimed royalties.
當音樂作品的版權歸屬未被 100% 認領時，就會產生「未認領」的數位機械重製版稅。舉例來說，如果一部音樂作品僅被認領 80%，則剩餘的 20% 為未認領，該部分所對應的版稅即為未認領版稅。
What happens to unmatched or unclaimed royalties?
未匹配或未認領的版稅會如何處理？
Unmatched or unclaimed royalties, from usage occurring on or after January 1, 2021, will be held for a minimum of 3 years so we can work to find and pay the rightful owner. Any interest accrued during that time will be passed along to the rightsholders.
2021 年 1 月 1 日起因使用所產生的未匹配或未認領版稅，將至少保留三年，以便我們尋找並支付給合法的權利人。期間內產生的所有利息將一併支付給權利人。
Will The MLC be handling historical unmatched royalties?
The MLC 是否會處理過往的未匹配版稅？
Yes. Historical unmatched royalties are digital mechanical royalties related to uses of musical works by DSPs prior to January 1, 2021, which is the date the new blanket license went into effect. Some DSPs used an option given to them by the Music Modernization Act to transfer usage data and associated unpaid royalties to The MLC, so that we could attempt to match the data to works in our database and pay rightsholders. Click here to visit our dedicated Historical Unmatched Royalties page for more information.
會的。過往的未核對版稅指的是 2021 年 1 月 1 日新式概括授權生效之前，數位服務供應商使用音樂作品所產生的數位機械重製版稅。有些數位服務供應商根據《音樂現代化法案》的規定，選擇將使用資料及未匹配版稅轉交給 The MLC，以便我們嘗試與我們資料庫中的作品匹配並支付給權利人。如需更多資訊，請點擊此處瀏覽「過往未匹配版稅」頁面。
How will The MLC resolve ownership disputes?
The MLC 如何解決版權歸屬爭議？
The MLC will not resolve disputes over copyright ownership. Pursuant to the MMA, The MLC has a policy for placing royalties on hold when a substantiated dispute has been raised, but the parties to the dispute, or the courts, will decide questions of ownership, not The MLC. To view The MLC’s Dispute Policy, click here.
The MLC 不會解決版權歸屬爭議。根據《音樂現代化法案》規定，The MLC 在出現實質爭議時暫停支付版稅，但歸屬問題會交由爭議雙方或法院決定，The MLC 不會介入。如需查看 The MLC 的爭議處理政策，請點擊此處。
How often will The MLC distribute mechanical royalties?
The MLC 多久分配一次機械重製版稅？
The MLC distributes mechanical royalties on a monthly basis. For additional information on the timing, click here.
The MLC 每月分配一次機械重製版稅。如需取得更多分配週期的相關資訊，請點擊此處。